Brace Yourself: Bananas Are Berries, Strawberries Aren't
醒醒吧：香蕉才是浆果，草莓不是
brace yourself 振作起来
According to the botanical definition, bananas are technically berries.
严格地说，根据植物学定义，香蕉是一种浆果。
botanical /bə'tænɪkl/ a.植物学的
There is an age-old debate in the culinary world that you're probably familiar with. Tomato: fruit or vegetable? But there's another lesser known existential crisis in the kitchen that demands some attention too. Bananas: Are they berries? And if so, what the heck are berries anyway?
饮食界有一个存在已久的讨论：番茄是水果还是蔬菜？但还有另一个鲜为人知的问题值得注意：香蕉是浆果吗？如果是，浆果究竟如何定义？
what the heck 究竟，到底；搞什么鬼
These particular dilemmas may have never crossed your mind, but once you start digging into the topic, you might find you end up with more questions than you start out with. For instance, what even is a fruit? Botanists consider fruit to be the parts of flowering plants that develop from the ovary. And a vegetable? That's a little trickier, since it's pretty much any part of the plant that isn't considered fruit.
我们可能从未考虑过这些特殊的问题，不过一旦深入探讨，我们将遇到比开始时更多的问题。比如，水果又是什么？植物学家认为，水果是开花植物的一部分，由子房发育而来。那蔬菜呢？有点难说，因为蔬菜可以是植物除水果外的任何部分。
Within the fruit family, you've got subcategories that include citrus, pome (apples, pears), drupe (peaches and apricots), and — you guessed it — berries. The differences between these subcategories comes down to which part of the plant's flower and ovary produced the skin, flesh and seeds of the fruit in question.
水果家族分为许多亚类，包括柑橘属、梨果（如苹果、梨）、核果（如桃、杏）——没错，还有浆果。这些亚类间的差异可归结为它们的花和子房的哪个部分发育为果皮、果肉和种子。
subcategory /sʌb'kætɪ,ɡɔri/ n.亚类，子类
citrus /ˈsitrəs/ n.柑橘属果树
pome /pəʊm/ n.梨果
drupe /druːp/ n.核果
apricots /'eiprikɔt/ n.杏子
come down to 归根结底，取决于
ovary /'əʊv(ə)rɪ/ n.［植］子房
The technical definition of a berry is "a
fleshy fruit produced from a single ovary." Go a step further and find out that strawberries — yes, those delicious red fruits with "berries" literally in the name — aren't officially berries either. They're "accessory fruits," meaning the flesh that surrounds the seed doesn't actually come from the plant's ovaries but from the receptacle. By the way, raspberries aren't really berries either.
浆果的专业解释是“一种由单子房发育而来的肉质水果。”进一步说，草莓这种名字中带有“berries”的可口的红色水果，并不是浆果。它们属于“假果”——包裹种子的果肉并不是由子房发育而来的，而是由花托发育而成的。同样，树莓也不是真正的浆果。
receptacle /rɪ'septək(ə)l/ n.容器；花托
So if strawberries and raspberries have been masquerading as berries all this time and they're not, what even is a berry? Well a berry has three layers of flesh: the exocarp (the outer skin), mesocarp (the flesh in the middle), and endocarp (the innermost part that holds the seeds).
如果草莓和树莓一直以来都在冒充浆果，那么浆果究竟是什么呢？浆果的果肉有三层：外果皮（外皮），中果皮（中间果肉）和内果皮（中心部分储存种子）。
masquerade /ˌmɑːskə'reɪd/ v.冒充，假扮
Berries also must have two or more seeds and their fruit must develop from a flower with one ovary. Once again, the banana checks those boxes. And, weirdly, so does the tomato, eggplant, kiwi and pepper. Oranges are a specific type of berry called hesperidium thanks to they're distinct segments.
浆果还必须有两个或以上的种子，其果实由单子房的花发育而来。这再次表明，香蕉符合这些特征。而且，奇怪的是番茄、茄子、猕猴桃和辣椒也是浆果。柑橘是一种独特的浆果，由于其内果皮有若干格室而被称为“柑果”。
check the box 打勾；对号入座
hesperidium /ˌhespə'rɪdɪəm/ n.柑果
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