1. 我们在一个单词使用定冠词the是因为我们相信读者或听者知道所指事物具体是什么。
因为这一事物在世界上是独一无二的。
比如：The Pope is visiting Russia.
The moon is very bright tonight.
2. 或者说这一事物所具备的特征在那个特定情景中是独一无二的。
例如在形容词最高级前加定冠词
He is the tallest boy in the class.
It is the oldest building in the town.
3. 这一事物在上文中已经提到。
A woman who fell 10 metres from High Peak was lifted to safety by a helicopter. The woman fell while climbing.
The rescue is the latest in a series of incidents on High Peak. In January last year two men walking on the peak were killed in a fall.
4. 一个名词前有定冠词代表这一事物的集群
The wolf is not really a dangerous animal (= Wolves are not really dangerous animals)The kangaroo is found only in Australia (= Kangaroos are found only in Australia)
5. 指代某个系统或某种服务
How long does it take on the train?
I heard it on the radio.You should tell the police.
6. 放在乐器前
Joe plays the piano really well.(= Joe can play any piano)She is learning the guitar.(= She is learning to play any guitar)
7. 放在个别形容词之前指代某个群体
Life can be very hard for the poor.I think the rich should pay more taxes.She works for a group to help the disabled.
8. 一般不会在人名、事物名称前加定冠词The
不过也存在一些特殊情况，例如，国家名中包括kingdom, states, republic，国家名为复数，描述地理特征时，如山区，岛屿群，河流，大海，运河报刊杂志，世界闻名的建筑物或艺术品组织，宾馆酒吧餐厅的名称家族名称.
We do not normally use the definite article with names:William Shakespeare wrote Hamlet.Paris is the capital of France.Iran is in Asia.But we do use the definite article with:• countries whose names include words like kingdom, states or republic:the United Kingdom; the Kingdom of Nepal; the United States; the People’s Republic of China.• countries which have plural nouns as their names:the Netherlands; the Philippines• geographical features, such as mountain ranges, groups of islands, rivers, seas, oceans and canals:the Himalayas; the Canaries; the Atlantic; the Atlantic Ocean; the Amazon; the Panama Canal.• newspapers:The Times; The Washington Post• well known buildings or works of art:the Empire State Building; the Taj Mahal; the Mona Lisa; the Sunflowers• organisations:the United Nations; the Seamen’s Union• hotels, pubs and restaurants*:the Ritz; the Ritz Hotel; the King’s Head; the Déjà Vu*Note: We do not use the definite article if the name of the hotel or restaurant is the name of the owner, e.g.,Brown’s; Brown’s Hotel; Morel’s; Morel’s Restaurant, etc.• families:the Obamas; the Jacksons
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