外媒：中国到底是如何不断创新技术的？（附加外国网友评论）

How exactly does China steal US technology?
中国到底是如何复制的美国技术的？

评论翻译；
Patrick Khaw, former Journalist in Asia and Australia (1975-2000)
upxed Nov 23
Here’s my problem with the premise of this question and I’ll start with an adaptation of a well-known saying:
Fool me once, shame on you. Fool me twice, shame on me. Fool me for decades, I must be American.
I was a public servant in Singapore (Ministry of Finance, Department of Trade) and worked with the Economic Development Board in the 70s to attract foreign investment and technology transfer to the then-fledgling island city state.
In return, Singapore offered such things including tax holidays, repatriation of profits, visas for ex-pats, a trained and stable workforce, and a stable political climate.
Foreign firms from the US, Europe, Japan, and Taiwan came in knowing at the outset of a quid pro quo (couldn’t resist sneaking this in).
Was there industrial espionage? I don’t know. But Singapore knew that if it kept its part of the bargain, it would receive some technology. And given a start, it could then work on advancing those techniques. And it did.
Patrick Khaw, 前亚洲和澳大利亚记者(1975-2000)
在回答这个问题之前，我有一个问题，我将从一句名言开始:愚弄过我一次，可耻的是你；愚弄我两次，可耻的是我。愚弄我几十年，那我一定是美国人。
我曾是新加坡(财政部、贸易部)的公务员，上世纪70年代曾与新加坡经济发展局合作，为这个当时羽翼未丰的岛国吸引外国投资和技术转让。作为回报，新加坡提供了免税期、利润汇回本国、外国人签证、受过培训的稳定劳动力和稳定的政治环境。
来自美国、欧洲、日本和台湾的外国公司一开始就知道这是一种交换条件。
有工业间谍吗?我不知道。但新加坡知道的是，如果它能信守承诺，就能获得一些技术，只要有了一个开始，它就可以继续改善这些技术。它也确实做到了。

Al Nelson
Nov 23 · 1 upvote
That conveniently ignores the many cases of Chinese students and employees in America literally stealing IP.
这很容易就忽略了在美国的中国学生和员工窃取知识产权的许多案例。
J Adams
Nov 24 · 114 upvotes including Patrick Khaw and Godfree Roberts
Another thing I have said many times is that when a patent is prosecuted, it hits a stage called national phase, in order to claim protection, or even ownership, you must file in the country you want protection in. Most inventors filed in the US and Europe, many filed in Japan, but the other Asian countries, especially China, were ignored. So, companies in China began making and using these technologies and limiting sales mostly to the Chinese domestic market. Then as the patent expired, they would sell to the global market.
我多次提到的另一件事是，当一项专利被起诉时，它会进入一个叫做国家阶段（national phase）的阶段，为了申请保护，甚至是所有权，你必须在你想要保护的国家申请。
大多数发明家在美国和欧洲申请专利，许多在日本申请，但其他亚洲国家，尤其是中国，被忽略了。
因此，中国的公司开始制造和使用这些技术，并被主要限制在中国国内市场的销售。然后当专利到期时，他们会把产品销往全球市场。
Is this IP theft? Theft is defined as the taking and carrying away of the personal property of another with the intent to permanently deprive. The invention is property, but the question circles around ownership. The patent law says if you don''t have a patent in a country, you don''t have ownership in that country. So, for all practical purposes, the invention is public domain in those countries. Since it is public, there is no another…thus no theft!
这算知识产权盗窃吗?——盗窃是指以永久剥夺为目的，对他人的个人财产的占有和携带。发明是财产，但问题在于所有权。专利法规定如果你在一个国家没有专利，你在那个国家就没有所有权。所以，实际上，这项发明在这些国家属于公共资源。既然它是公开的，就没有别的了……这样一来就不是盗窃了!
Had the inventors filed in China, there would be ownership and thus theft. So, I blame the problem on the inventors, NOT CHINA, CHINA DID NOTHING WRONG, THEY OPERATED COMPLETELY WITHIN THE LAW!
Summary, I wish this false assertion would cease. Nobody in 1990 saw China becoming the world''s 2nd largest economy and this lack of foresight cost a lot of inventors a lot of money, but, your bad business foresight does not constitute a crime on the other side, which is the assertion made.
It is simply wrong!
如果发明者在中国申请专利，就会有所有权，从而导致盗窃。所以，我把问题归咎于发明者，而不是中国，中国没有做错任何事，他们完全在法律范围内运作!
总结一下，我希望这种错误的断言能够停止。在1990年，没有人看到中国成为世界第二大经济体，这种缺乏远见让很多发明家损失了很多钱，但是，你糟糕的商业远见倒也并不构成犯罪。
只是单纯错了而已！

This is a seismometer. It was invented 2000 years ago in China, (132 AD) by a Chinese astronomer and mathematician, Zhang (‘Chang’) Heng.
“The device was remarkably accurate in detecting earthquakes from afar, and did not rely on shaking or movement in the location where the device was situated.”Ancient Chinese Earthquake Detector Invented 2,000 Years Ago Really Worked!
This demented argument that other countries “copy” or steal, serves as an ego stroke for the West. Because when ample ideas had their genesis in the East, the West refused to acknowledge the notion that ideas were “property”.

这是一个地震仪。它是2000年前由中国天文学家和数学家张衡(公元132年)发明的。
“该设备在远距离探测地震方面非常准确，而且不依赖于设备所在位置的震动或移动。”链接：《2000年前中国古代发明的地震探测仪真的有用!》
这种认为其他国家“抄袭”或“偷窃”的疯狂观点，对西方来说是一种自我打击。因为当大量的思想在东方起源时，西方拒绝承认思想是“财产”的概念。
In the same way, that “cellulite” is marketed as a “different” kind of fat to sell those profitable creams (creating a pseudo problem to be fixed), the West, when they had their epiphany boom, suddenly decided that ALL the ideas that they poached to launch themselves into a colonising terror wasn''t worthy of acknowledgement BUT from then on, THEIR Ideas had to be protected. Why? Because then, ideas become a commodity to be sold and exploited.
Ideas between humans have always flourished and evolved, and when people claim X stole an idea, usually it''s just being in the same industry and living in the same time period which brings about imitation, not deliberate theft!
IP THEFT cases in the WTO, where China is accused of stealing--2! http://asianstraightshooter.com/...
I know about the T mobile, Cisco and HUAWEI debacle, and while those cases have been settled and are NO WAY anymore hideous than Apple stealing from SAMSUNG that noone talks about, I will grant people those cases in making their point. Most of China''s problem rests in pirating movies and making fake handbags. On the grand scheme of things, that''s petty.
跟某些把脂肪粒当成“与众不同的”脂肪来销售的一样。西方，当他们顿悟的时候，突然意识到所有他们窃取的想法都是不值得承认的，但是从那时起，他们的想法必须得到保护。为什么?因为那时，思想变成了一种商品，可以出售和利用了。
人与人之间的思想一直在蓬勃发展和演变，当人们声称A偷了一个想法时，通常只是因为身处同一个行业，生活在同一个时代，才导致了模仿，而不是蓄意盗窃!
But here''s a non exhaustive list of things we all use, but never once acknowledge we poached the idea from China.
The paper you write on? China. The idea and the technology travelled to Europe via the silk road trade.
Compass? China
Sunglasses? China
Ice-cream? China
Cinderella? China. Hint: small feet = foot binding.
Printing press? China
Umbrella? China
Fiat currency? China
Concept of a company? China
Standardised testing to root out nepotism and corruption? China. Han Dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD)
Gunpowder? China. Yes, the whole Western success story is BASED on a Chinese invention! They just didn''t use it in such an unbridled inhumane manner on such a large scale.
Movies? China. The moving picture or zoetrope was invented by Ting Huan first, in 180 AD. This is the BASIS FOR YOUR HOLLYWOOD moving pictures!! Guess who the West credited for the invention? William George Horner, a British bloke!
Tea? China
Noodles? China
这里有一个我们都在使用的物品的非详尽列表，但从来没有承认我们从中国窃取了这些想法/东西。
你用来写字的纸?中国的这种思想和技术通过丝绸之路贸易传到了欧洲。
指南针?中国（发明的）
墨镜？中国
冰激凌？中国
灰姑娘？中国。提示：小脚=缠足
印刷术？中国
雨伞？中国
法定货币（Fiat currency）？中国
公司的概念？中国
为了根除裙带关系和腐败而进行的标准化测试?中国汉朝(公元前206年-公元220年)
火药?中国。是的，整个西方的成功故事都是基于中国的发明!他们只是没有以如此肆无忌惮的不人道方式大规模使用它。
有趣的事实:中国发现火药是为了长寿，他们不可能想到西方会把这么美丽的东西变成破坏全球的威胁。
电影?中国公元180年，丁欢（音译）首先发明了电影或称“西洋镜”。这是你们好莱坞电影的基础!猜猜西方把这项发明归功于谁?威廉·乔治·霍纳，一个英国人!
茶？中国
面条？中国
Vaccination? China did it first, though credit was once again, given to Edward Jenner for “discovering” (no mention of the Chinese dude who taught the British what inoculation was) the inoculation technique in 1796! China already had a vaccine for small pox in 1713, that was INTRODUCED TO THE BRITS in the early 1700s, which ZERO credit was given. All hush hush, and the West gets another “invention” or discovery under their belt.
When Europe began to embark on their age of maritime discoveries, China ALREADY had the coasts of India, Arabia, East Africa and maybe even Australia, neatly mapped out and ready to go! Yes, China already “discovered” these places, what it didn''t do was rape it, genocide and subjugate it.
Chinese ships already had tankers to carry drinkable water, advanced rudders, watertight compartments, signalling devices and a whole lot more. On each travel expedition of 27,000 sailors, 180 doctors and pharmacists were on board, ready to tackle any obstacles.

To count all the inventions from that period onwards and then claim the West has contributed to humanity the most, is an expedient way to win the argument, but rather pathetic and xenophobic. It really is.
This is in line with pulling a Greta Thunberg in discounting ALL the environmental activists before her, who busted their germinated, organic nuts by chaining themselves to trees and standing in front of bulldozers, as “not caring” or “not doing anything”.
The real history of ideas began in the enduring civilizations of Iran, China and India. Without the concept of zero from the Indians, you can FORGET YOUR computer systems! However Leibniz gets the credit for the Indian discovery! Binary Code Was Used In Ancient India And Polynesia Long Before Leibnitz Invented It | Ancient Pages
You don''t have to like the fact that ASIANS helped create our world as much as the Europeans, it''s the truth that you just have to deal with!
只从那个时期开始计数所有发明，然后宣称西方对人类的贡献最大，这是赢得这场争论的权宜之计，相当可悲和排外。真的。
这与环保少女对所有在她之前的环保主义者的贬低是一致的。
真正的思想史始于伊朗、中国和印度的悠久文明。没有印度人关于零的概念，你可能都不会发明计算机系统!然而，莱布尼茨获得了印度发现的荣誉!
你不必喜欢“亚洲人创造了我们这个世界，就跟西方人一样的多”。但这是你必须面对这个事实!
Bruce Hung
Fri · 98 upvotes including Rei Tanotsuka
The west invented the patent system, so that they could steal other people’s IP and register under the patent system as if they invented the IP and then they could suit anyone come after it. Genius!
西方发明了专利制度，这样他们就可以窃取别人的知识产权，并在专利制度下注册，就好像他们发明了知识产权似得，然后他们就可以起诉任何人了。多么天才!
Mark Walter
It is my understanding that there is no need to obey the “West’s” patent laws — so long as you don’t sell or market your products in the “West.” It is my understanding that the Chinese can steal or borrow all they want and need so long as these products are not sold in the “West”. — at least in the country where the patent is enforced or originated. Again, the patent is only good for 20yrs.
我的理解是，没有必要遵守“西方”的专利法——只要你不在“西方”销售或推销你的产品。
我的理解是，只要这些产品不在“西方”销售，中国人可以偷或借他们想要和需要的任何东西。再说一次，这项专利有效期只有20年。
Kipruto Bett
Why do Chinese people feel the need to use English first names?
为什么中国人觉得有必要使用英文名?
John Li
Because i would like people to be able to talk to me by calling my name. 李朝阳 now who can pronounce that?
因为我希望人们能够通过呼唤我的名字来和我交谈。“李朝阳”有谁能用英语发音吗?
Will Pu
including Rei Tanotsuka
If old or ancient China put patents on all these inventions, then the West would be officially called thieves.
如果古老的中国为所有这些发明申请专利，那么西方国家将被正式称为小偷。
Rei Tanotsuka
You said it!
就是这么回事！

Rei Tanotsuka
Original Author · Sat
Is this legit? I had no idea!
这在古代是合法的吗？我都不知道！
Bowen Feng
“文盲大傻逼”
Hmm, I doubt that was part of the term but okay
“文盲大傻逼”
嗯……我怀疑这部分文字，但也将就吧